| 单词 | Share classes |
| 释义 | 股票類別 In relation to corporations, groups of shares which have the same rights attached to them. The shares may be all ordinary, or divided into different classes, such as ‘A’ and ‘B’ shares or preference, ordinary and deferred shares, or redeemable and non-redeemable shares. Shares may carry different rights to share in profits, different voting rights or different rights to transfer shares within the same class. The use of ‘A’ and ‘B’ shares is one way of providing for each party to have an effective veto in the general meeting by requiring the consent of each class to any resolution, and indirectly also in the meetings of directors; however, the same results can often be achieved by purely contractual provisions: Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, Vol 20, Partnerships and Joint Ventures [290.226]. A common share class are preference shares, where the common right is that the holder receives interest in priority to other shareholder of different classes: Re Brighton & Dyke Railway Co (1890) 44 Ch D 28. If the memorandum and articles do not authorise the issue of different classes of shares, the company can acquire the power by altering it articles: Campell v Rofe [1933] AC 91. The rights attached to any class of shares may be varied by a resolution passed at a general meeting of the holders of that class in accordance with the provisions stated in the memorandum and articles. In the event that there is no such provision in the memorandum and articles, the procedural requirements stated in the Companies Ordinance (Cap 32) s 63A should be followed. Holders of not less than 10% of the issued shares of the class affected may apply to the court to have the variation cancelled: Companies Ordinance (Cap 32) s 64. In the event that the variation of class rights unfairly prejudices the interests of holders of other classes of shares, such holders may petition to the court to cancel the variation: s 168A. See also Preference share. 就法團而言，有相同權利的股票類別。股票可以全部是普通股票，或分為不同的類別，例如A股／甲類股份和B股／乙類股份或優先股，普通股及延遲派息股／遞延付息股，或贖回股票和不可贖回股票。股票可含有不同分配利潤的權利，不同的投票權或在相同的類別內有不同的轉移股票權。使用A股／甲類股份和B股／乙類股份是一種提供每一方在全體大會或簡接地在董事會議，藉規定取得每一類別對任何決議的同意以達致有效否決的方法；但通常可以純粹合約的法律條文取得相同的結果：Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong,第20冊，合夥與合資人，第[290.226]段。普遍的股票類別是優先股，優先股的共同權利是持有人收取優先於其他不同種類股東的權益：Re Brighton & Dyke Railway (1890) 44 Ch D 28。如公司的組織章程大綱和章程細則並不授權發行不同類別的股票，公司可藉修改其章程細則獲得有關的權力：Campell v Rofe [1933] AC 91。可根據組織章程大綱和章程細則述明的條文，在公司於有關股票類別持有人的全體大會通過決議，修改附於該類別股票的權利。如在公司組織章程大綱和章程細則沒有此項規定，應遵守在《公司條例》（第32章）第63A條述明的程序規定。持有面值不少於百分之十的受影響類別已發行股份的人，可向法院申請取消有關的更改：《公司條例》(第32章)第64條。如更改股票類別會不公平地損害其他股票類別持有人的權益，有關的持有人可向法院呈請取消有關的更改：第168A條。另見 Preference share。 |
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