| 单词 | Overinsurance |
| 释义 | 超額投保 An insurance contract or policy providing cover for a value above that of the property or interest covered. Overinsurance is not material if it only covers against loss of an expected profit on resale of insured goods. If it creates an incentive to destroy the goods and make a claim, the insured has a duty to disclose the overvaluation (Ionides v Pender (1874) LR 9 QB 531). In that case, an amount equal to the difference is returnable, because the insurer could never be liable for more than the property or interest covered: Marine Insurance Ordinance (Cap 329) s 84(3)(e). The principle on which the statutory provisions as to overinsurance is founded is that if the risk in consideration of which the premium is paid is not in fact incurred, or is not incurred to the full extent contemplated, there is a failure of consideration in whole or in part in respect of which the insurer must return the premium or part of it: Arnould on Marine Insurance (16th Ed) s 1336. See also Underinsurance. 承保高出有關財產或權益的價值的保險合約或保單。如只針對轉售受保貨物的預期利潤的損失而作超額投保，此乃無關重要。但倘若超額投保鼓勵毀滅貨物及提出申索，則受保人有責任就價值高估作出披露 (Ionides v Pender (1874) LR 9 QB 531)。在該情況下，相等於差價的款額應被退還，《海上保險條例》（第329章）第84(3)(e)條。超額投保的法定條文乃基於全部或部份的代價消失的原則，即支付的保險費乃以承擔風險作代價，但事實上並沒有招致該等風險，或沒有招致預期風險的全數程度，因此承保人必須退還保險費或部份的保險費：Arnould on Marine Insurance (第16版) s 1336。另見 Underinsurance。n. |
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