| 单词 | Retainer |
| 释义 | 聘用 A contract for the provision of specialised services. Equity - The right of an executor or administrator of a deceased estate who was owed a debt by the deceased to satisfy that debt out of the estate assets in priority to the claims of all other creditors of the same class: Probate and Administration Ordinance (Cap 10) s 63(2). The right of retainer is a personal privilege of the personal representative, originally recognised by the law on the ground that the representative cannot sue himself and would, therefore, have been in a worse position than any other creditor, who, by suing and recovering judgment, could obtain priority over the representative: A-G v Jackson [1932] AC 365 (HL). This right extends to all assets (legal or equitable) of the deceased, but subject to restriction to debts owing to the representative in his own right, whether solely or jointly with another person: s 63(2)(a). The right can also be described as the correlative of the right of preference, for the creditor representative has the right to prefer himself to another creditor of equal degree: Talbot v Frere (1878) 9 Ch D 568. See also Creditor; Executor. Legal practitioners - The contract between legal practitioner and client for the provision of legal services. Under a retainer the legal practitioner in return for the client’s offer to employ the legal practitioner expressly or by implication undertakes to fulfil certain obligations. The obligations include a duty to keep the client’s affairs confidential, to act with competence and diligence, to avoid a conflict of duties, and to continue acting until the work is completed except that a practitioner may cease to act for good cause provided reasonable notice is given. A solicitor is not obliged to accept a retainer. Barristers rarely enter into a retainer directly with the client as the Code of Conduct of the Bar restricts direct client access. A barrister must, subject to various exceptions, accept instructions to act where briefed by an instructing solicitor: Code of Conduct of the Bar of Hong Kong cl 21. Where the retainer is not in writing or evidence in writing and a dispute arises as to the scope of the retainer, the client’s evidence may be given more weight than that of the legal practitioner on that issue: Griffiths v Evans [1953] 2 All ER 1364; 1 WLR 1424. See also Authority to act; Duty in contract; Instruct. 提供專門服務的合約。 衡平法 - 遺囑執行人或遺產管理人的權利，他因死者欠他債項而有權由遺產資產清償債務，在所有其他屬同一類別的債權人的申索上有優先權：《遺囑認證及遺產管理條例》（第10章）第63(2)條。保留權是個人代表的個人特權，原本由法律基於以下的理由承認：有關的代表不能起訴自己及因而會比其他債權人會處於更惡劣的位置，其他債權人以起訴及追討判定，可取得在有關代表之上的優先權：A-G v Jackson [1932] AC 365（上議院）。保留權引伸而適用於死者的所有資產（在法律上或衡平法上），但遺產保留權只適用於欠遺產代理人本人的債項，不論有關債項是欠下該遺產代理人獨自一人或是欠下他與另一人者：第63(2)(a)條。保留權也可稱為優先權的關聯物，因為債權人代表有權讓自己在其他同等程度的債權人上有優先權：Talbot v Frere (1878) 9 Ch D 568。另見 Creditor; Executor。 執業律師 - 法律執業者和當事人就提供法律服務而作出的合約。在聘用的情況下，法律執業者為回報當事人明示或隱含聘用有關的法律執業者的要約而承擔履行若干責任。有關的責任包括就當事人的事務保密的義務，以技能及努力行事，避免衝突的義務，及繼續行事直到有關的工作完成，但如作出合理的通知，法律執業者可以妥善的理由終止行事。律師並無接受聘用之義務。大律師很少會直接與當事人締結聘用的合約，因為香港大律師公會專業守則限制大律師與當事人直接接觸。除若干例外情況外，大律師必須在發出指示的律師的簡要摘要下接受行事的指示：香港大律師公會專業守則第l 21條。如並非以書面或以書面的證據作出有關的聘用，繼而產生聘用範圍的爭議，當事人的證據比有關的法律執業者的證據可有更重的分量：Griffiths v Evans [1953] 1 WLR 1424, 2 All ER 1364。另見 Authority to act; Duty in contract; Instruct。n. |
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