| 单词 | Forum clause |
| 释义 | 訴訟地條款 A contractual clause referring a dispute to a particular jurisdiction for arbitration or adjudication. The validity of a forum clause depends on the proper law applying to the contract: Nova (Jersey) Knit Ltd v Kammgarn Spinnerei GmbH [1977] 2 All ER 463, 1 WLR 713 (HL). Only a choice of court clause will be taken as submission to the courts of the chosen forum: Mattar and Saba v Public Trustee (Administrator Coudsi Estate) [1952] 3 DLR 399 (ASC). A forum clause does not exclude the local court’s jurisdiction: Sheldon Pallet Manufacturing Co Pty Ltd v New Zealand Forest Products Ltd [1975] 1 NSWLR 141. Whether a forum clause obliges the parties to resort exclusively to particular jurisdiction is a question of construction of the agreement, irrespective of whether the word ‘exclusive’ is used but governed by the law governing the agreement: Sohio Supply Co v Gatoil (USA) Inc [1989] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 588 (CA); Yu Lap Man v Good First Investment Ltd [1998] 1 HKC 726. In the case where a party to an agreement containing a forum clause chose to sue in the court in breach of the forum clause, the court has a discretion whether to stay the proceedings but such should be granted unless there is a strong case for not doing so: The El Amria [1981] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 119 (CA); The Pioneer Container [1994] 2 AC 324 (PC); The Thor Scan [1998] 4 HKC 536 (CA). A court can assume jurisdiction on the ground that the evidence of facts are more readily available, or that justice can be more easily rendered, in the forum: Lewis Construction Co Pty Ltd v M Tichauer S/A [1966] VR 341. See also Forum; Proper law of contract. 將爭議轉介至特定的司法管轄權以作仲裁或判決的合約條款，。訴訟地條款的效力視乎合約中所引用的適用法律：Nova (Jersey) Knit Ltd v Kammgam Spinnerei GmbH [1977] 2 All ER 463, 1 WLR 713（上議院）。僅會採納一項法院選擇的條款作為陳詞呈交予已選擇訴訟地的法院：Matter and Saba v Public Trustee [1952] 3 DLR 399。訴訟地條款不會禁止本地法院的司法管轄權：Sheldon Pallet Manufacturing Co Ltd v New Zealand Forrest Products Ltd [1975] 1 NSWLR 141。任何訴訟地條款是否規定各方純粹使用某特定的司法管轄權是解釋協議的問題，不論是否有使用「專用」的字眼，但受規管該協議的法律管限：Sohio v Gatoil (USA) Inc [1989] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 588 （上訴法院）；Yu Lap Man v Good First Investment Ltd [1998] 1 HKC 726。在載有訴訟地條款的協議下，如協議的一方選擇就違反訴訟地條款而在法院內起訴，法院可行使酌情決定權決定是否擱置所有法律程序，但除非有強而有力的案件，否則可授予此等決定的命令：The El Amria [1981] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 119 （上訴法院）；The Pioneer Container [1994] 2 AC 324 （樞密院）；The Thorscan [1998] 4 HKC 536 （上訴法庭）。法院可以事實證據在訴訟地更可供使用或可在審判地更容易執行公正為理由而在訴訟地行使司法管轄權：Lewis Construction Co Pty Ltd v M Tichauer SA [1966] VR 341。另見 Forum; Proper law of contract。 |
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