法律英语词汇“Self-induced intoxication”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-法律词典

单词	Self-induced intoxication
释义	自我引發的昏醉 Intentionally bringing oneself under the influence of alcohol or a drug whether as an excuse for the commission of a criminal offence or otherwise. The voluntary ingestion of alcohol or drugs is relevant to whether the mens rea of a crime has been established where the crime is one of specific intent: A-G v Choi Wah Hang [1987] 1 HKC 104 (CA). The issue is not the capacity of the accused to form such an intent but whether in fact he did form it: R v Yeung Ka Wah [1992] 1 HKC 84 (CA). Where there is an issue of whether the accused had not formed the mens rea of an offence of specific intent by reason of self-induced intoxication, the onus is on the prosecution to negative the defence: R v Yeung Ka Wah [1992] 1 HKC 84 (CA). In some circumstances, self-induced intoxication may be a defence which allows an accused person to deny that he or she possessed the intent to commit the criminal act he or she is charged with. For example, where the accused voluntarily ingested drugs in accordance with a prescription or such drugs were lawfully administered by a doctor: R v Hardie [1984] 3 All ER 848, 80 Cr App Rep 157 (CA). However, evidence of self-induced intoxication may be used by the prosecution to show that the accused became drunk in order to commit the crime (as intoxication is a known disinhibitor), thus negating the benefit of such evidence for the defence: for example A-G for Northern Ireland v Gallagher [1963] AC 349, [1961] 3 All ER 299 (HL). Self induced intoxication is not a defence where the accused is seeking to establish a defence that he was not aware of the nature of the drug in his possession: R v Young [1984] 2 All ER 164, 78 Cr App Rep 288. See also Intoxication; Voluntariness. 無論是為了犯刑事罪行或其他原因，意圖使自己受到酒精或藥物的影響。如有關的罪行是特定意圖罪行，在確立是否有犯罪意圖時，自願攝取酒精或藥物是有關的因素：A-G v Choi Wah Hang [1987] 1 HKC 104 （上訴法庭）。爭論點不在於被告人是否有成立此意圖的身份，而是在於被告是否事實上已作出自我引發的昏醉：R v Yeung Ka Wah [1992] 1 HKC 84 （上訴法庭）。如爭論點在於被告是否沒有以自我引發的昏醉為理由形成特定意圖罪行的犯罪意圖，則控方有責任否定有關的抗辯： R v Yeung Ka Wah [1992] 1 HKC 84 （上訴法庭）。在若干情況，自我引發的昏醉可構成抗辯，即准許被控人否認他有意圖犯他被控告的刑事行為。例如在按照藥物處方或有關的藥物由醫生合法施用的情況下，被告自願地攝取藥物：R v Hardie [1984] 3 All ER 848, 80 Cr App Rep 157 （英國上訴法院）。但控方可使用自我引發的昏醉的證據以顯示被告昏醉以犯罪（因昏醉是已知的可釋放一個人的方法），因而否定以此作為證據的抗辯的有利之點：例如 A-G（Northern Ireland） v Gallagher [1963] AC 349, [1961] 3 All ER 299 (上議院)。如被告謀求確立他不知悉他持有藥物的性質的抗辯，則自我引發的昏醉並非有效的抗辯：R v Young [1984] 2 All ER 164, 78 Cr App Rep 288。另見 Intoxication; Voluntariness。
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