| 单词 | Retention of title |
| 释义 | 保存業權 A clause in a contract for the sale of goods providing that although the buyer is entitled to possession of the goods, the property in the goods is not to pass until the price is paid or some other condition is performed: Armour v Thyssen Edelstahlwerke AG [1991] 2 AC 339, [1990] 3 All ER 481 (HL). In such a case, it is a question of construction of the contract as to how the buyer may deal with the goods, for example by using them or reselling them: Re Anchor Line (Henderson Bros) Ltd [1937] Ch 1, [1936] 2 All ER 941 (CA). The seller may expressly or by implication reserve the right to recover the goods in the event of non-payment. A reservation of the legal title will normally prevent the goods from forming part of the general assets of the buyer in the event of his insolvency, at least so long as they remain in the form in which they were sold: McEntire v Crossley Bros Ltd [1895] AC 457 (HL). Where goods subject to retention of title clause have been incorporated in other goods, the newly manufactured goods are owned by buyer of the original goods, subject to charge created in favour of the seller by the retention of title clause: Clough Mill Ltd v Martin [1984] 3 All ER 982, [1985] 1 WLR 111 (CA). Also known as ‘reservation of title’ or ‘Romalpa clause’. See also Accession; Ownership; Reservation; Romalpa clause. 售賣貨品合約的條款，規定儘管買方有權管有貨品，但只在已繳付款項或已履行若干其他條件的情況下，貨品才會轉移到買方身上：Armour v Thyssen Edelstahlwerke AG [1991] 2 AC 339, [1990] 3 All ER 481（上議院）。這是有關如何解釋合約上買方可處理貨品的問題，例如使用貨品或轉售貨品：Re Anchor Line (Henderson Bros) Ltd [1937] Ch 1, [1936] 2 All ER 941（英國上訴法院）。賣方可明示或默示在欠繳的情況保留追討的權利。保留法律上的業權通常會阻止貨品在買方無力償債時成為買方一般資產的一部分，至少會維持在貨品售賣時的模樣: McEntire v Crossley Bros Ltd [1895] AC 457（上議院）。如受制於保留業權條款的貨品已經收納在其他貨品上，新製成的貨品由原本貨品的買方擁有，但需符合以保留業權條款產生的有利於賣方的費用的規定：Clough Mill Ltd v Martin [1984] 3 All ER 982, [1985] 1 WLR 111 （英國上訴法院）。另稱「保留業權」或「羅馬百（公司案判決）條款」。另見 Accession; Ownership; Reservation; Romalpa clause。 |
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